These expressions are used in various data manipulations. Sqlite> SELECT COUNT(*) AS "RECORDS" FROM COMPANY ĭate Expressions returns the current system date and time values. There are several built-in functions such as avg(), sum(), count(), etc., to perform what is known as aggregate data calculations against a table or a specific table column. Following is a simple example showing the usage of SQLite Numeric Expressions. Here, numerical_expression is used for mathematical expression or any formula. SELECT numerical_expression as OPERATION_NAME These expressions are used to perform any mathematical operation in any query. Sqlite> SELECT * FROM COMPANY WHERE SALARY = 10000 They are commonly utilized to store timestamps and other time-related information. Date and Time: To store date and time values, use the Date and Time column types. Usually, flags or other binary data are stored there. Following is the syntax −Ĭonsider COMPANY table with the following records −įollowing is a simple examples showing the usage of SQLite Boolean Expressions − Boolean: Boolean values are stored in the Boolean column type (i.e., True or False). SQLite Boolean Expressions fetch the data on the basis of matching single value. at 10:09 Add a comment 12 Answers Sorted by: 104 From section 1.1 Boolean Datatype of the docs: SQLite does not have a separate Boolean storage class. SyntaxĬonsider the basic syntax of the SELECT statement as follows −įollowing are the different types of SQLite expressions. the old man 2022 netflix Boolean with SQLite - social. You can also use to query the database for a specific set of data. Insert data into the database by passing a ContentValues object to the insert () method: Kotlin Java. SQL expressions are like formulas and they are written in query language. An expression is a combination of one or more values, operators, and SQL functions that evaluate to a value.
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This console command can be used to teleport your character to a desired location. This console command will, as you might've guessed from the name, kill every player on the server. You can optionally specify a ban message (reason) when banning a player. When banning a player, you need to specify a duration (see duration argument information for help). This admin command can be used to list all banned players, or ban/unban a specified player. to enable the whitelist, simply add a player to it to disable the whitelist, remove all players from it.īan The whitelist is disabled if no players are on the whitelist, but if there is at least one player on the whitelist it is enabled - i.e. The whitelist is a list of players who are allowed to connect to the server. This admin command will add a player to the whitelist, remove a player from the whitelist, or list all players on the whitelist. This admin command will kick all players from the server with an optional kick message (that will be shown to them when they are disconnected). Note that kicking isn't the same as banning - this will disconnect the player from the server, but they will be able to reconnect. This admin command will kick the player with the specified name, Steam ID, or entity ID from the server with an optional kick message. Use the 'cp list' command to see what commands are assigned to each permission level. By default, commands like admin, and shutdown require a permission level of 0 to use - and kick, and ban require a permission level of 1. A permission level is a number between that determines what permissions a player has - 1000 is the lowest (no permissions) and 0 is the highest (full admin permissions). When adding a player to the admin list, you need to specify a permission level. This admin command will add or remove a player from the admin list. This console command will spawn a Supply Crate at your current location.Īdmin With this command turned on, you can access the Creative Menu by pressing the U key. This cheat toggles (enables and disables) the Creative Menu. This cheat code will give you the specified amount of XP. This cheat will make your character exhausted. In Debug Mode, you can enable god mode by pressing the G key on your keyboard, and access the debug menu by pressing ESC. This command enables ('debugmenu on') and disables ('debugmenu off') Debug Mode. The information is technical information like your computer's hardware, operating system, etc. This command will print to the console information about the computer you are using to play 7 Days to Die. if you are in first person mode when you type this command, you'll be switched to third person (and vice versa). This command toggles first/third person mode - i.e. This console command will remove the specified buff from the specified player or entity. You can specify a player by their Steam ID, name, or entity ID.ĭebuffplayer This command will add the buff with the specified ID to the player you specify. Use debuffplayer to remove a buff from another player.īuffplayer This admin command removes the buff with the specified ID from you. Use buffplayer to give a buff to another player. This console command gives you the specified buff. Find a list of all item IDs at commands.gg/7dtd/items. You can optionally specify a quality level for the spawned item. This console command will spawn the item with the specified item ID in front of your character. Ximena Conde warmed to the assignment of interviewing him for The. Instead, he continues sharing his climate insights for the public good. The latest Philly TV news shocker comes less than two months after Larry Mendte pleaded guilty to accessing the personal e-mails of his KYW-TV co-anchor, Alycia Lane, and leaking them to the press. Former NBC10 meteorologist Glenn Hurricane Schwartz could have retired from the airways, mothballed his bow tie collection, and padded around his Jenkintown home all day. He was suspended at WCAU in 2006 for allegedly threatening weatherman Glenn “Hurricane” Schwartz, who made fun of him for doing a flood report while standing in water. DeMentri was a reporter on WCBS/Channel 2 here before moving to Philadelphia in 2003. The Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission is also probing a sex-discrimination claim against WCAU by DeMentri.ĭelgado, who joined WCAU in 2005, once worked at News 12 in New York. DeMentri.” The suit is expected to be filed soon. Jude supporter Jason Myers, who passed away tragically in a helicopter crash last November. The home on Grey Pond Lane in Monroe has been dedicated to former WBTV meteorologist and St. Jude Dream Home has come, and this one is extra special. He also allegedly removed possessions from her desk, including a hair dryer and handbag.ĭelgado, 29, now married, and DeMentri, 44, who’s divorced from QVC host Pat James, had a “particularly close friendship that soured,” according to Philadelphia Daily News columnist Dan Gross.ĭeMentri’s lawyer, Paul Rosen, did not return our call, but told the Philadelphia Inquirer that Delgado is named as a defendant for “intentionally interfering with contractual relationship with NBC.” He wouldn’t elaborate.ĭelgado’s lawyer, Eric Weitz, told Page Six: “Miss Delgado is unaware of any facts that support the legal allegations of Mr. (WBTV) - The day to raffle off this year’s beautiful St. Lori Delgado, the sexy morning news presenter on WCAU-TV, quit this week – days after she and the station were hit with a legal notice from the NBC-owned channel’s ex-afternoon anchor, Vince DeMentri, that he intends to sue the station for slander.ĭeMentri was fired from WCAU last August after he was suspected of vandalizing Delgado’s Lexus by scratching it with a key. Glenn was diagnosed with major artery blockage.ANOTHER lurid scandal involving news anchors in Philadelphia has erupted – and it promises to be juicy. At the time, John Bolaris was the most recognizable meteorologist at the station and he’d already laid claim to debonair weatherman. At first, he thought it was not that serious, however, went for a medical check-up after. When NBC10 hired meteorologist Glenn Hurricane Schwartz in 1995, they had one strange condition: Schwartz would have to make bow ties part of his look. While he was on vacation, he went swimming and after a few laps, he felt pressure in the upper chest something he had never experienced. This was made possible after he noticed the signs and symptoms of a heart attack. However, Schwartz underwent double bypass heart surgery in 2012. He's been live on The Weather Channel in 48 states, DC and Puerto Rico, plus Canada, Mexico. 1 2 He is noted for his field reporting from breaking weather including severe weather, hurricanes, and snowstorms. Schwartz has always exercised, committed to a healthy diet, and attended regular health checkups which have kept him healthy all the time. Michael Phillip Seidel (born January 18, 1956) is an American meteorologist who has worked at The Weather Channel since March, 1992. As a meteorologist, Schwartz has been able to accumulate a net worth that ranges from $1 million to $5 million. Replies (9) Glenn ‘Hurricane Schwartz is retiring from forecasting local weather for NBC10 at the end of May. Tomato Timer was designed to work in concert with the Pomodoro technique. When you’re working on a task, do your very best by mentally setting aside all other concerns. The value of scheduling and time-tracking lies in segmentation. If you’ve given yourself the right amount of time for this task, you’ll float happily and easily through this task with a smile on your face. You’ll give yourself the time you need to interact with each person in a meaningful way – and provide a quality experience. If you know you have 25 minutes to answer emails, for example, you’ll naturally prioritize the most important ones. Giving yourself only a set amount of time to complete a project isn’t about pressuring yourself to work an unhealthy pace and make a lot of mistakes.īy setting proper amounts of time for each task, you’re setting yourself free. Countdown timers (and appropriate scheduling) help you stay on-task and avoid costly multi-tasking. For example, while you’re answering emails, you don’t need to be planning out your next board meeting in the back of your mind. Online time-tracking is just a few clicks away with this mouse-click (no keyboard) interface.īy using countdown timers, you avoid wasting mental energy on non-essential tasks. If you only want countdown functionality, pick this big, colorful online stopwatch. With this easy click-and-type interface, you can quickly set timers and alarms – even down to the second! 3. This online countdown timer lets you set a timer for routine tasks and track open-ended projects with a stopwatch. Perform both fixed and open-ended tasks.Want multifunctionality without a lot of visual noise.Use timers, alarms, and stopwatches on a regular basis.You’ll be astounded at how easily you can analyze data on Toggl Track – and save your reports for instant reference. You can check out your workflow over time at a glance – and compare this data to previous periods. With the easy-to-use Toggl Track dashboard, you can effortlessly switch between “Me” and “Team” views. This clear and comprehensive interface allows you to organize your data by client, team member, project, workspace – and more. Toggl Track makes it simple to track your team’s billable hours, mileage, break times, and much more. With Toggl Track, you can log in and view your charts and timesheets – any time, anywhere.īetter yet, you can quickly analyze your data with Toggl Track’s robust and easy-to-use reporting suite. Toggl Track stands above the competition by saving all your tracked time in your cloud-based account. You want to analyze your overall efficiency (or that of an entire organization) over the long term.You want to save your time-tracking data for later reference.You manage a team and want an easy solution for tracking billable hours.You deserve a full range of time-tracking options.Toggl Track Tracked work hours in Toggl Track 5 best online timers to track time spent on work 1. Now-without further ado-here’s our Top 5 Free Work Timers.
Powdery mildew manifests as a thin layer of whitish discoloration, looking like dust. If you spot rough, sunken lesions on green tomatoes, this is often a sign of late blight. Check the undersides of the leaves, as late blight is usually visible there first. Late blight causes fuzzy gray patches on the leaves of tomato plants, affecting the oldest leaves first and then spreading to the rest of the plant. This infection can also be seen on the fruit, too, causing similar spreading spots of discoloration. After a time, these marks turn yellow and the leaves wilt. These spots spread outwards into rings, leaving a target-like lesion. Blight and mildew spread very rapidly from plant to plant so it's vital that you identify infected plants so you can take action to protect the rest of your crop.Įarly blight first manifests as dark spots of black or brown on the leaves. The sooner you catch a fungal infestation, the better. Inspect your tomatoes for signs of blight and mildew This includes sweet peppers, chili peppers, eggplants and Cross-infection is possible between any plants in the sameįamily as tomatoes. Same patch where you grew peppers last year, or planting peppers where you had For example, you should avoid planting tomatoes in the The same token, you should avoid planting other vegetables that are prone to Ideally, you should avoid planting tomatoes in that soil for at least three years. Any fungal spores living in the soil will re-infect plants if you put tomatoes in the same soil two years running. You can reduce the chance of fungal infections by rotating your plants. Or the leaves of the plants from touching the soil. It's therefore important to do everything you can to stop tomatoes Keep leaves and fruit from touching the soilįrom blight, mildew and other diseases can easily linger in the soil around You should also make sure that condensation or leaks can'tĭrip onto your tomato plants if you're growing indoors. Watering your plants, make sure you only put the water on the soil around theīase of the plant. On your plants, you can reduce the chances of a fungal infestation. If you make sure there is no excess water Known as indeterminate tomatoes, should be planted 18 inches to two feet apart. Tomatoes, you'll need to plant them one or two feet apart. Proper spacing also makes it easier to stopįungal infections from spreading between plants. You can support both by making sure that your 1:īlight and downy mildew thrive in situations where there is too much moistureĪnd not enough ventilation. Fortunately, there are steps you can take to prevent and treat mildew and blight without toxic chemicals. These fast-spreading fungal diseases can absolutely destroy your tomato plants and ruin your crop. Schwartz, Colorado State University, Bugwood.There's nothing more disappointing than seeing your promising tomato crop fall victim to tomato blight or downy mildew. This disease can also be transmitted on infected seed, so if you suspect a problem give them a hot water seed treatment at 127 degrees F for 25 minutes (or 1 part bleach to 10 parts water for 30 minutes). Avoid wetting plant leaves when irrigating (or water in the morning or early evening so they can dry out quickly). Staking also helps by improving sunlight penetration and air circulation (some gardeners deliberately prune off the lower leaves too). Mulch and stake tomato plants to keep soil from splashing onto the leaves. Minimize its effects by keeping your plants well fed and watered, as stressed plants are more susceptible. This fungus overwinters on weeds and decaying crop debris and spores may be transferred by rain, wind, tools, flea beetles and other insects. Potatoes usually show signs of infection as they enter the flowering stage. It likes warm (85 degrees F) wet weather.Įarly Blight most commonly attacks tomato and potato, but occasionally pepper and eggplant are affected too (though not usually as badly). There may also be dark sunken lesions on the stem and the fruit may rot from the stem end and drop. These slowly enlarge and merge and badly infected leaves eventually die (those at the bottom of the plant first and then progressing upward). It is a form of Alternaria Blight that first manifests itself as irregular shaped dark brown concentric spots on the shaded lower leaves. Alternaria solanii, Alternaria tomatophilaĮarly Blight is the most common tomato disease in more humid areas. Online sources cite conflicting evidence. It’s difficult to determine the effectiveness of using Aloe vera to treat burns and reduce scars. Third degree burns will almost always leave a scar, and depending on the severity, may require surgical skin grafting. Second degree burns may leave a scar that will likely fade over time. Fourth, fifth, and sixth degree burns also exist, but they are less-mentioned burn types that are often fatal.įirst degree burns usually leave no scarring and tend to heal on their own in a matter of days. Third degree burns penetrate all three layers of the skin, causing extreme pain and significantly charring the skin. Second degree burns damage the epidermis and dermis layers, causing redness of the skin, blisters, and inflammation. First degree burns usually don’t require medical treatment and will heal after only a few days. A first degree burn is least serious, affecting only the epidermis of the skin. The type of burn a person sustains is characterized by the damage it causes to these layers.Ī person can sustain three degrees of burns-first, second, and third degrees. The skin is composed of three layers-the epidermis (top layer), dermis (middle layer), and hypodermis (bottom layer). But it’s not enough to understand the biological role these ingredients play we want to know how they interact with the human body and facilitate the wound-healing process. These constituents lead many to believe in the medicinal value of Aloe vera, especially in its ability to treat burns and reduce scars. Laxatives - Commonly known as laxatives, Aloe vera contains phenolic compounds that give the plant antibacterial properties. Vitamins - Aloe vera contains vitamins A, C, and E, which act as antioxidants, preventing free radicals from causing damage to vital molecules in the body.Įnzymes – Aloe vera is also known to reduce inflammation from skin contracture and wound repair due to an enzyme called Bradykinase.įatty Acids - Certain fatty acids found in Aloe vera, like campesterol and lupeol, are also linked to anti-inflammatory activities in the body. Listed below are some of the therapeutic compounds found in Aloe vera that are linked to various anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities in the body. Apart from its topical uses, Aloe vera can also be consumed as a nutritious snack. The gel contains a number of biologically-active compounds like vitamins, minerals, enzymes, and fatty acids. The plant is native to the Arabian Peninsula, but has also been found to grow in many tropical climates around the world.Īloe vera is prized for the clear, gel-like substance found inside its thick, fleshy leaves. Aloe vera is the most widely-known specie due to its long historical use and media attention. Aloe is a genus of succulent plant that comprises over 500 species of flowering plants. Clearing the cache can often resolve this issue. If the app or your device’s cache contains outdated or corrupt files related to Pandora, it can result in the session timed out error. Caching Issues: Cached data can sometimes interfere with Pandora’s functionality.This expiration can trigger the session timed out error. If you have been logged in for an extended period without actively using the service, your login credentials may have expired. Expired Login Credentials: Pandora requires users to log in periodically to ensure account security.If your network connection fluctuates or drops frequently, it can disrupt the communication between your device and Pandora’s servers, leading to the error message. Intermittent Internet Connection: One of the most common causes of the Pandora session timed out error is a weak or unstable internet connection.Reasons for the Pandora Session Timed Out Error To resolve this issue, it is essential to identify the root cause first. This error typically occurs when the connection between your device and Pandora’s servers is interrupted or when your login credentials expire. When using Pandora, you may come across an error message stating that your session has timed out. If you are looking for an alternative to Pandora Radio, check out our top 5 streaming apps for Android.More Gossipfunda Tips Understanding the Pandora session Timed out error What you might need to do is make an exception in the app for Pandora Radio. If you use task manager or battery saving app, such as Tasker or Greenify for example, or a more aggressive task killer, which isn’t really necessary by the way, these might be standing in the way of you streaming music. Then switch to either normal or high quality, whichever one you weren’t using before.ĥ. Within the Pandora app itself, there are also a few things that you can tweak that will make a world of difference: in the settings tab, select advanced. This is also a quick fix: find your way back to settings and into Pandora Radio app info, and tap on ‘move to local memory’, but don’t press anything if it says ‘move to SD card’, which means this may not be the problem.Ĥ. Some Pandora files may be saved to the SD card, when in fact, they work when they are stored in the local storage on your Android device. You can also search for it in the Google Play Store and hit uninstall from there too. You can also do the most obvious thing and uninstall the app by finding your device’s settings, then scrolling down to Applications and looking for the Pandora app. Head to settings, then Applications and look for Pandora Radio.Ģ. First, you might want to try clearing the app’s cache and data in your device’s settings. Minecraft PE 1.20.41: Unleashing the Trails and Tales Updateġ.Navigating the Digital Payment Landscape: Choosing Security Over Deception Introduction: In the ever-evolving world of digital payments, convenience.A Harrowing Journey in FNAF Plus APK: Unveiling Secrets and Challenges.
For the purpose, they deployed well-known sculptor Ram V. One of the biggest challenges for L&T was to ensure that the face of the statue looks as close as possible to Sardar Patel’s face. Although the statue was designed and made in India, the bronze panels had to be cast in a foundry in China, since no such facility to handle such a huge project is available in India.Ģ. Larsen & Toubro, which designed and executed the project after winning a tender, deployed a team of over 3,000 workers and 250 engineers. of cement concrete, 18,500 tonnes of reinforced steel and 6,500 tonnes of structural steel.ĥ engineering feats that make Statue of Unity special:ġ. The core of the statue is made up of 210,000 cu.m. From the outside, the Sardar Patel statue is filled with 1,700 tonnes of bronze and 1,850 tonnes of bronze cladding made up of 565 macro and 6,000 micro panels. The Statue of Unity is so towering that even if you are 6-feet high the statue will still be 100 times larger than you. Now once again, on the occasion of Sardar Vallabhai Patel’s birthday, will Modi be there at the spot, but this time to inaugurate the Statue of Unityas prime minister. It was on this day, five years ago, when Narendra Modi, then chief minister of Gujarat, had laid down the foundation stone for the project. The bronze statue is now nothing less than an engineering marvel. Against the picturesque backdrop of Vindhyachal and Satpura mountain ranges and the Narmada river, the giant memorial is the world’s tallest statue at 600 feet and is expected to be a major tourist destination in Gujarat.Ĭonceptualised as Sardar Patel walking on the Narmada river towards the Sardar Sarovar dam, the design of the statue took a lot of brainstorming among experts due to various challenges related to its location, height and pose. New Delhi: Ready in a record 33 months, Prime Minister Narendra Modi will today inaugurate Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s statue, known as the Statue of Unity, in the Narmada district of Gujarat. Piping Design Software such as checkSTRESS™ and HOTclash™.CAEPIPE™, Pipe Stress Analysis Software.Our Software Solutions offer flexibility to suit your business needs where they can be deployed in your premises or in the cloud. Here is a list of Software Solutions and Engineering Services currently offered. Our fields of speciality are Piping Stress Analysis, Plant Layout, Piping Design & Engineering, and Information Management Software for Industrial Plants and Facilities worldwide. (SST), incorporated in the year 1983, is a premier provider of Software Solutions and Engineering Services. Bug fix: SubstitutionPalettes.SST Systems, Inc. New: The expiration date will be shown in the info box and a message box 14 days prior to the expiration date will be shown. Change: The test phase was changed from 100 attemps to 30 days trial period Change: Changing side menus to classic pulldown menus New: Support for AutoCAD® P&ID/Plant 3D 2012 Bug fix: Invalid dll reference in P&ID 2010 New: Extended error details when network license acquiring fails Bug fix: Line settings were not synchronized correctly starting with release 1.12 New: Support for AutoCAD® P&ID/Plant 3D 2013 New: For the pre-synchonasation box a cancel button is available. The same applies to LCF files of PlantLink. New: Project related RCF files of PlantReporter or Report Creator will by synchronized as well. Bug fix: New class properties were added multiple times in target project New: Function to register the PlantTool in case AutoCAD® was installed after the PlantTool New: The SDC files of PlantSpecDriven can be synced as well New: Unchecking of single nodes/areas before synchronizing New: Support for AutoCAD® P&ID/Plant 3D 2014 PlantSync will first check for link configurations at the new location before checking at the old location \LinkConfigurations. Change: The directory for link configurations is now: \ACPlantTools\PlantLink\LinkConfigurations. New: "Plot Style Name" of symbols is synchronized as well New: PlantTools are available as rental versions New: Support for AutoCAD® P&ID/Plant 3D 2015 The PlantTools icons will be found under "Plugins" Change: PlantTool is ready for Autodesk Exchange Apps. Bug fix: Issue when synchronizing blocks New: Start of implementing 3D settings synchronization (Paths, Layer/Color Schemes, Ex-/Import Settings) Change: Moved path for report template from General settings to PID settings New: Support for AutoCAD® P&ID/Plant 3D 2016 Only Ortho and Iso settings are missing now. New: The remaining setting of 3D (incl. Bug fix: Update needed due to a new PnPDataObjects.dll in SP1 for AutoCAD® P&ID 2016 and AutoCAD® Plant 3D 2016 Bug fix: Selection List wasn't assigned if used by a new property Bug fix: License subscription date was not automatically updated Change: Clearer message text when there are issues with blocks Change: Messagebox when blocks with an '*' do exist (unnamed blocks) New: Support for AutoCAD® P&ID/Plant 3D 2017 64Bit Change: Autodesk changed API between Beta and Final release of AutoCAD® P&ID/Plant 3D 2017 which caused errors Bug fix: The data type of properties is checked and if different, the property will be removed and recreated Bug fix: Symbols weren't always removed in the target project Bug fix: If source and target property have different inheritance they will be synchronized correctly now Bug fix: Classes, Properties and so on, will be remove first and then added. New: Databases of SQL Server projects will be backed up now Bug fix: Tagformats of SignalLineGroups weren't synchronized New: Support for AutoCAD® Plant 3D 2018 New: Support for AutoCAD® Plant 3D 2019 Bug fix: Acquisitions weren't synched or even removed with AutoCAD Plant 3D 2019.1 Change: Pre-Sync dialog shown only changes by default New: Support for AutoCAD® Plant 3D 2020 Change: New program icons and ribbon images Bug fix: Install wasn't initiated after download Bug fix: AutoCAD Plant 3D 2020 used a newer SQLite dll which caused an error when using UNC paths Change: Internal Cleanup - Reduction of dlls Change: Moved Buttons from Add-Ins to PlantTools ribbon New: Support for AutoCAD® Plant 3D 2021 When using F1 in PlantCenter, PlantDataManager, PlantReporter, MigrationTool, PlantCenter or any button in the PlantTools or PlantExpressTools ribbon we open our own browser window. Sister Juana said that such hazards "would be eliminated if there were older women of learning, as Saint Paul desires, and instructions were passed down from one group to another, as in the case with needlework and other traditional activities." Sor Juana famously remarks, quoting an Aragonese poet and also echoing St. In response to critics of her writing, Juana wrote a letter, Respuesta a Sor Filotea de la Cruz ( Reply to Sister Philotea), in which she defended women's right to education saying, "Oh, how much harm would be avoided in our country" if women were able to teach women in order to avoid the danger of male teachers in intimate setting with young female students. In addition to publishing this without her permission (under the pseudonym of Sor Filotea), he told her to focus on religious instead of secular studies. One noted critic of her writing was the bishop of Puebla, Manuel Fernández de Santa Cruz, who in November of 1690 published Sor Juana's critique of a 40-year-old sermon by Father António Vieira, a Portuguese Jesuit preacher. The Viceroy and Vicereine of New Spain became her patrons they supported her and had her writings published in Spain. She stayed cloistered in the Convent of Santa Paula of the Hieronymite in Mexico City from 1669 until her death, and there she studied, wrote, and collected a large library of books. In the convent and perhaps earlier, Sor Juana became friends with fellow savant, Don Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora, who visited her in the convent's locutorio. She chose to become a nun so that she could study as she wished, saying she wanted "to have no fixed occupation which might curtail my freedom to study." Later, in 1669, she entered the monastery of the Hieronymite nuns, which had more relaxed rules. She chose not to enter that order, which had strict rules. Joseph, a community of the Discalced Carmelite nuns, as a postulant. In 1667, she entered the Monastery of St. She was much admired in the viceregal court, and she received several proposals of marriage, which she declined. Her interest in scientific thought and experiment led to professional discussions with Isaac Newton. Her literary accomplishments garnered her fame throughout New Spain. The manner in which she acquitted herself astonished all present and greatly increased her reputation. The viceroy (whom Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography names as the Marquis de Mancera), wishing to test the learning and intelligence of this 17-year-old, invited several theologians, jurists, philosophers, and poets to a meeting, during which she had to answer many questions unprepared and explain several difficult points on various scientific and literary subjects. She was a lady-in-waiting at the colonial viceroy's court, where she came under the tutelage of the Vicereine Leonor Carreto, wife of the Viceroy of New Spain Antonio Sebastián de Toledo. Not being allowed to do this, she continued her studies privately. She asked her mother's permission to disguise herself as a male student so that she could enter the university there. In 1664, at the age of 12, Juana was sent to live in Mexico City. She also learned the Aztec language of Nahuatl, and wrote some short poems in that language. At age eight, she composed a poem on the Eucharist.īy adolescence, Juana had mastered Greek logic, and at age thirteen she was teaching Latin to young children. By age five, she reportedly could do accounts. She learned how to read and write Latin at the age of three. She was raised in Amecameca, where her maternal grandfather owned an hacienda.Īs a child, Juana often hid in the hacienda chapel to read her grandfather's books from the adjoining library, something forbidden to girls. She was baptized 2 December 1651 and described on the baptismal rolls as "a daughter of the Church". Her father, according to all accounts, was absent from her life. She was the illegitimate child of a Spanish Captain, Pedro Manuel de Asbaje, and a Criolla woman, Isabel Ramírez. She was born Juana Inés de Asbaje y Ramírez de Santillana in San Miguel Nepantla (now called Nepantla de Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz in her honor) near Mexico City. |
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